The past two decades have been marked by radical changes in the structure of pension saving and the entities involved in managing pension savings, changes that have affected each of the four issues that are mentioned in this article. These are closely related to demographic developments, both in the population and in the labor market, and to the institutional changes that have taken place in the pension sector itself.

Ben-Bassat, Gronau and Zussman (eds.)The Israeli Economy, 1995–2017, Cambridge University Press, 2021